Understanding Rabies: Prevention, Symptoms, and Treatment
Rabies is a deadly viral disease that affects the central nervous system of mammals, including humans. Transmitted primarily through the bite or scratch of an infected animal, rabies is almost always fatal once symptoms appear. However, it is completely preventable through vaccination and proper wound care.
What is Rabies?
Rabies is caused by the rabies virus, which spreads through the saliva of infected animals, commonly dogs, bats, raccoons, and foxes. Once the virus enters the body, it travels to the brain, causing inflammation that leads to severe neurological symptoms and, ultimately, death.
Symptoms of Rabies
Rabies symptoms typically appear within 1 to 3 months after exposure but can vary from a few days to several years. Early symptoms may resemble the flu, including fever, headache, and fatigue. As the disease progresses, more severe symptoms develop, such as:
- Anxiety and confusion
- Excessive salivation
- Difficulty swallowing
- Hydrophobia (fear of water)
- Paralysis
- Hallucinations and aggression
- Once symptoms appear, rabies is almost always fatal, making early intervention crucial.
Prevention of Rabies
- Vaccination: Rabies vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease. This includes:
- Pre-exposure vaccination for people at high risk, such as veterinarians and travelers to high-risk areas.
- Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for anyone bitten or scratched by a potentially rabid animal.
- Animal Control and Vaccination: Ensure pets are vaccinated against rabies and avoid contact with wild animals.
- Immediate Wound Care: If bitten, wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water and seek medical attention immediately.
Treatment for Rabies
- If exposed to rabies, immediate medical care is essential. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) involves:
- Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG) for immediate antibodies.
- Rabies Vaccine Series to stimulate the body’s immune response.
Consult an Expert Today
- Dr. Chhavi Gupta, MBBS, MD, DM (AIIMS, New Delhi)
Senior Consultant, Infectious Diseases
Yashoda Super Speciality Hospital, Kaushambi📞 +91 8851 346 424
🌐 drchhavigupta.com